蒙古必游的5个最佳城市

Mongolia is a vast country with wide-open spaces, a long history, and interesting traditions that make people want to visit from all over. It has amazing deserts, big grasslands, and beautiful cities. Whether you like busy places, old ruins, or being outside, Mongolia has something for everyone. Found between Russia and China, this neat country is famous for its people who live wherever they want, and the giant empire Genghis Khan once ruled.

In this article, we're going on a trip to find the best cities to visit in Mongolia. If you want to see exciting cities, historical destinations, or serene nature, Mongolia has it all. Let's jump into these places and find out why they should be on your travel list.

Table of contents

1. Ulaanbaatar
2. Erdenet
3. Kharkhorin
4. Darkhan
5. Murun

1. Ulaanbaatar

Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia's capital city, is full of life. It's a unique place where old traditions and new things exist side-by-side. Located in the heart of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar is the centre of everything important happening in the country, from culture to business and government. The city offers a fascinating mix of interesting buildings from the Soviet era, striking Buddhist monasteries, and impressive modern skyscrapers.

What to see in Ulaanbaatar

• Gandan Monastery: One of the most important monasteries in Mongolia, Gandan Monastery is a quiet place filled with Buddhist history and spirituality. Visitors can see the magnificent statue of Avalokitesvara, which stands 26.5 metres tall, and observe monks performing daily rituals.
• Sukhbaatar Square: Sukhbaatar Square is situated in the core of Ulaanbaatar, and it is surrounded by important buildings like the Government Palace and the National Museum of Mongolia. The square is named after Damdin Sukhbaatar, a national hero, and often hosts cultural events and festivals.
• National Museum of Mongolia: This museum provides a comprehensive overview of Mongolia's rich history and culture. With exhibits ranging from prehistoric artefacts to displays on the Mongol Empire and modern history, it's an educational and fascinating visit.
• Hustai National Park: If you're looking for an exciting day trip from Ulaanbaatar, consider visiting Hustai National Park, located about 90 kilometres southwest of the city. This park is home to various wild animals, including wild horses, Przewalski's horses, deer, foxes, and over 200 species of birds.
• Altai Tavan Bogd National Park: Also known as the Five Holy Mountains National Park, this park is a dream travel destination for trekkers, mountaineers, nature lovers, and culture buffs. Here, you'll find snow-capped peaks like Khuiten Uul, the highest point in Mongolia at 4,374 metres, to glaciers, alpine lakes, lush valleys, and crystal-clear rivers.

When to visit Ulaanbaatar

The best time to visit Ulaanbaatar is from June to September when the weather is warm and many festivals, including Naadam, take place. These months are ideal for enjoying outdoor activities and exploring the city in pleasant conditions.

Where to stay in Ulaanbaatar

• Shangri-La Hotel: Centrally located near Sukhbaatar Square, this hotel offers luxurious rooms with magnificent scenery. Guests can enjoy top-notch amenities, including a spa, fitness centre, and fine dining restaurants.
• Kempinski Hotel Khan Palace: This upscale hotel combines modern comforts with traditional Mongolian decor. The spacious rooms, excellent service, and on-site dining options ensure a comfortable stay, and its proximity to major attractions makes it a favourite among travellers.
• Zaya Hostel: Ideal for budget travellers, Zaya Hostel offers clean and cosy accommodations with a friendly atmosphere. The common areas are perfect for meeting fellow travellers, and the staff provides helpful tips for exploring the city.

2. Erdenet

Situated in northern Mongolia, Erdenet is one of the nation's most recent urban centres. While renowned for its copper mining industry, Erdenet also offers scenic landscapes and provides a window into the customs and traditions of the local population. Lush greenery surrounds the city, transforming it into an agreeable destination for travellers.

What to see in Erdenet

• Erdenet Mining Corporation: As one of the largest copper mines in the world, a visit here provides insight into Mongolia's industrial capabilities. Visitors can take guided tours to learn about the mining process and the history of the corporation.
• Museum of Minerals: This museum showcases various minerals and ores extracted from the region and the exhibits provide educational insights into the geological diversity of Mongolia. It's a fascinating stop for anyone interested in geology or the mining industry.
• Davaa's Eco Ger Camp: Located just outside the city, this eco-friendly camp offers a unique experience of Mongolian nomadic life. Visitors can stay in traditional gers (a portable, round tent), enjoy local cuisine, and participate in cultural activities. The camp's beautiful setting provides a peaceful retreat.
• Khövsgöl Lake (alternatively spelled Lake Khuvsgul): Nicknamed the 'Younger Sister' of Lake Baikal, this largest freshwater lake is a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts. Visitors can enjoy swimming, boating, fishing, and hiking in the picturesque mountains.

When to visit Erdenet

You can visit Erdenet during the summer months, from June to August when the weather is warm, and the surrounding nature is in full bloom. This is also when local festivals and events are most active.

Where to stay in Erdenet

• Erdenet Inn Hotel: Situated in the downtown area of Erdenet, this hotel offers comfortable rooms and modern amenities. Guests can enjoy the on-site restaurant and convenient access to the city's main attractions.
• Burtai Hotel: Located near the city centre, Burtai Hotel provides cosy accommodations with a touch of local charm. The rooms are well-equipped, and the hotel features a restaurant serving Mongolian and international cuisine.
• Nomadic Lodge: For a more authentic experience, Nomadic Lodge offers traditional ger accommodations with modern comforts. It offers cultural activities and dramatic scenery of the surrounding landscape, and its peaceful environment is perfect for relaxation.

3. Kharkhorin

Kharkhorin, previously called Karakorum, has a long and important history. It served as the centre of government for the Mongol Empire during the reign of Genghis Khan. Founded in the 1220s, the city thrived as a major trading centre and political hub throughout the 13th century. Today, Kharkhorin is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, drawing visitors eager to explore Mongolia's ancient heritage.

Kharkhorin is also located near the mountainous areas where some of Mongolia's endangered brown bears can be found. These elusive creatures can sometimes be spotted in the Gobi Desert, though much less frequently.

What to see in Kharkhorin

• Erdene Zuu Monastery: This ancient monastery is one of Mongolia's most significant religious sites. Built in 1586, it houses beautiful temples, stupas, and statues. To have a deeper understanding about its history, visitors can explore the monastery's grounds.
• Karakorum Museum: The museum offers a detailed look into the history of Karakorum and the Mongol Empire. Exhibits include artefacts from the ancient city, including tools, weapons, and art.
• Phallic Rock: A quirky yet significant landmark, the Phallic Rock is believed to promote fertility and protect against evil spirits. The rock's unique shape and cultural importance make it an interesting stop for visitors, and it's also a great spot for a unique photo opportunity.
• Burkhan Khaldun: Near Kharkhorin lies this sacred mountain that's admired by Mongolians for centuries. It is believed to be the birthplace of Genghis Khan, a site of spiritual power, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

When to visit Kharkhorin

The ideal time to visit Kharkhorin is from May to September, when the weather is mild and conducive to exploring the historical sites. These months also offer clear skies, allowing you to enjoy the beautiful landscapes even more.

Where to stay in Kharkhorin

• Munkh Tenger Ger Camp: This camp offers traditional ger accommodations with modern amenities. Visitors can experience nomadic culture, enjoy home-cooked meals, and take part in local activities. Plus, the camp's scenic location enhances the overall experience.
• Anja Ger Camp: Positioned at the hub of Kharkhorin, this camp provides comfort and cultural immersion. Guests can stay in well-furnished gers, participate in cultural workshops, and explore the surrounding area.
• Secret History Tourist Camp: This camp combines historical exploration with modern comfort. The gers are spacious and well-equipped, and the camp offers guided tours to nearby historical sites.

4. Darkhan

Nicknamed 'The City of Friendship,' Darkhan is a key industrial centre in northern Mongolia. Founded in 1961 with help from the Soviet Union, Darkhan has flourished into a lively city that combines modern features with its traditional character. The city's parks, statues, and cultural locations provide a window into its extensive history and present-day life.

What to see in Darkhan

• Darkhan-Uul Buddhist Monastery: This serene monastery is a spiritual haven in the middle of the city. Visitors can explore the beautiful temple grounds, observe monks in meditation, and participate in traditional ceremonies.
• Morin Khuur Monument: Dedicated to Mongolia's national instrument, the horsehead fiddle, this monument symbolises the country's musical heritage. The site often hosts cultural performances and music festivals, providing an inviting cultural experience.
• Central Park: A popular recreational area, Central Park features walking trails, playgrounds, and scenic spots for picnics. It's a great place to unwind and enjoy the natural beauty of Darkhan. The park is also home to several statues and monuments that celebrate the city's history and culture.

When to visit Darkhan

The best time to visit Darkhan is from June to September. The weather is warm and suitable for outdoor activities. These months also coincide with various local festivals, offering a joyful cultural experience. Winter visits can be intriguing for those interested in seeing the city's snowy landscape and engaging in winter sports.

Where to stay in Darkhan

• Grand Yak Hotel & Convention Center: This grand hotel offers spacious and elegantly decorated rooms, several restaurants and bars, a spa, and a fitness centre. The hotel is also located in the core of Darkhan, close to many of the city's best shops and restaurants.
• Darkhan Tourist Camp: Located near the city, this camp provides a unique experience with traditional Mongolian gers. Guests can enjoy the natural surroundings, traditional meals, and cultural activities.
• Bayangol Hotel: Offering affordability and comfort, this hotel features clean rooms, a friendly staff, and convenient amenities. It's a great choice for budget travellers seeking a pleasant stay in Darkhan.

5. Choibalsan

Situated in eastern Mongolia, Choibalsan offers a remarkable past and holds significant strategic value. As the capital city of Dornod Province, it acts as a convenient entry point for exploring the vast eastern grasslands and cultural sites. Visitors to Choibalsan will encounter a fascinating fusion of architectural styles, where remains of the Soviet era coexist with traditional Mongolian elements.

What to see in Choibalsan

• Choibalsan Museum: This museum showcases the history, culture, and natural environment of the eastern region. Exhibits include archaeological finds, traditional artefacts, and displays of local wildlife.
• Buir Lake: A stunning natural attraction, Buir Lake is ideal for swimming, fishing, and bird-watching. It has crystal-clear waters and serene surroundings, making it a perfect spot for relaxing in pristine nature. It's also a great place to observe wild animals and enjoy picnics by the water.
• Kherlen River: Flowing through the city, the Kherlen River offers scenic views and recreational opportunities. Visitors can enjoy boat rides, fishing, and riverside walks. The river is an integral part of the city's landscape and a favourite spot for locals and tourists.

When to visit Choibalsan

The best time to visit Choibalsan is during the summer months (June-August) when the weather is warm and conducive to outdoor activities. Spring and autumn are also pleasant, with mild temperatures and fewer crowds. Winter can be cold, but it offers unique experiences like ice fishing and winter festivals.

Where to stay in Choibalsan

• Eastern Hotel: This modern hotel offers cosy rooms, excellent service, and convenient amenities. It's centrally located, making it easy to explore the city's attractions. Additionally, the hotel's restaurant serves various local and international dishes.
• Choibalsan Tourist Ger Camp: This camp offers a traditional Mongolian experience with comfortable gers and a range of activities. Guests can enjoy horseback riding, cultural performances, and traditional meals.
• Dornod Hotel: This modest hotel features clean rooms, friendly staff, and aesthetic facilities. It's an ideal choice for budget-conscious travellers seeking a pleasant stay in Choibalsan.

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Conclusion

Mongolia's vast landscapes and long history create a truly unforgettable travel experience. From the energy of Ulaanbaatar's streets to the tranquillity of Buir Lake near Choibalsan, every city unveils a unique perspective on Mongolia's interesting culture and stunning natural beauty. Whether your interests lie in exploring ancient monasteries like those in Kharkhorin or discovering the industrial significance of Erdenet, Mongolia is a perfect destination for every traveller.

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